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These TWO Ingredients Can Heal Your Colon

Have you run a gamut of colon remedies without any relief?

Amazingly, pharmaceutical companies rake in millions of dollars on pills that either (a) don’t work very well or (b) have natural replacements. This is not to say that some medications aren’t necessary – some are. But natural remedies that work just as well – if not better – have been around for thousands of years.

Holistic medicine has built a tremendous following because it works, it’s cheap (at least much cheaper than traditional medicine), and we aren’t forced to ingest some unknown pill. The following quote by Mark Hyman – bestselling author and renowned physician – is a testament to how the doctor’s trained in traditional “diagnose and prescribe” medicine have circumvented the entrenched money-hungry establishment of Modern Medicine:

It’s more important to understand the imbalances in your body’s basic systems and restore balance, rather than name the disease and match the pill to the ill. – Dr. Mark Hyman, M.D.

New combinations of well-known ingredients that heal or relieve common maladies are materializing every day. A simple Google search will produce thousands of remedial ingredients for headaches, muscle pain, arthritis, and countless other health conditions. Take apple cider vinegar and raw honey, for example.

You Just Need These Two Household Items

colon

Two common household items – apple cider vinegar and raw honey – can strengthen our immune system, counteract aging properties, and regulate blood pressure, among many other things.

The mixture can also help heal our colon – cleansing it of toxic substances that produce many unhealthy symptoms. Combining apple cider vinegar and raw honey can help reduce inflammation, counteract infection and aid digestion.

Among the numerous areas of our body, the colon is one that doesn’t receive much attention. Although we can’t “feel” pain in the colon as often relative to our other muscles and certain regions of the body, it nonetheless requires care. Also known as the large intestine, a healthy colon is vital for proper digestion and the removal of waste.

What Happens to an Unhealthy Colon

Various adverse health conditions can arise if the colon is not properly cared for. Among these conditions are:

  • Colitis: colon inflammation, usually resulting from a bowel disorder or infection.
  • Chron’s disease: ulceration of the colon, which results in inflammation.
  • Diarrhea: frequent, liquidated release of stool.
  • Polyps: small, irregular growths that can potentially develop into cancer.
  • Colon cancer: cancer of the colon area that affects more than 100,000 Americans each year. Most cases are avoidable through proper care and screenings.

So, how exactly does apple cider vinegar and honey assist in caring for our colon? Explaining this cumulative effect requires a breakdown of each ingredient’s properties.

These TWO Ingredients Can Heal Your Colon

The apple properties of cider vinegar provide a multitude of vitamins, minerals, antioxidants and fiber. Combining these properties with vinegar – preferably of the raw and unfiltered variety – helps to ease digestion and protect colon health. More specifically, apple cider promotes the relief of acid reflux, effectively breaking down fats and safeguarding the colon of potent stomach acid. Further, apple cider vinegar binds to toxins and expedites these toxins removal from the body.

Honey not only sweetens the bitter taste of vinegar, it is a powerful anti-inflammatory agent. In a 2013 study published in the Indian Journal of Medical Research, honey’s abundance of antioxidants also helps to defend against illness. The study also states that honey is effective in alleviating sinusitis and other oral problems. Further, honey is also a valuable nutrient that aids in reducing the symptoms of reflux by providing a protective coating of the esophagus.

Mixing these two potent ingredients yields a variety of health benefits for the colon. As stated, a vinegar-honey mixture is a terrific anti-inflammatory formula. Inflammation of the colon is one of the most prolific causes of colon disorders, which is counteracted through the ingestion of vinegar and honey. Secondly, this mixture accentuates the cider vinegar’s anti-toxin properties and aids in ridding the body of toxic substances that can damage the colon.

Benefits of a Colon Cleanse

To recap, the cumulative health benefits of apple cider vinegar and honey for the colon:

  • Reduces inflammation of the large intestine.
  • Binding to and elimination of numerous toxins within the colon.
  • Promotes natural and healthy digestion, a vital function of the colon.

One last thing…the recipe, of course!

Ingredients:

  • 2 tablespoons of raw honey
  • 2 tablespoons of apple cider vinegar
  • A glass of warm water

colon

Preparation:

  • Mix the honey and vinegar in the warm water.
  • Continue to mix the ingredients until the honey is completely dissolved.

That’s it! A glass or two daily is recommended to achieve maximum health benefits. Apart from the mixture’s healthy effect on the colon, it also:

  • aids healthy blood circulation
  • soothes parts of the throat
  • fights fatigue and promotes energy
  • helps fight age-related symptoms
  • promotes vitality in those with exhaustion

If You See Someone With This Piercing, This Is What It Means

People who have frequent migraines often turn to a Daith piercing to try to relieve the agony.

If you have ever had a migraine before, you know exactly how unbearably painful it can feel. According to the Migraine Research Foundation, approximately 18% of American women and 6% of American men suffer from migraines on a regular basis. Migraines don’t just mean a bad headache. Indeed, they can completely debilitate the sufferer. Some cause extreme pain on either one or both sides of the head.

They occur due to a complex assortment of neurological symptoms. These signs can include nausea, vomiting, disorientation, dizziness, and extreme sensitivity to light or sound. Attacks can last anywhere from 4 to 72 hours, on average.

Many people turn to pharmaceutical drugs for help. But did you know that getting a particular ear piercing can help to alleviate your migraines? You might wonder how a piece of jewelry attached to your ear could possibly aid in eliminating your migraines, so allow us to explain below.

Here’s how this ear piercing is helping people with migraines:

piercing

If you love piercings and also happen to suffer from migraines, you will love this idea. Daith piercings have existed for around three thousand years. But the name wasn’t coined until the 1990’s. The daith piercing goes through the cartilage nearest to the ear canal, appearing to actually enter it if you look at it from a distance. It works in the same way as acupuncture to relieve pain, and actually, acupuncturists target this pressure point during treatment if the patient suffers from migraines.

Simply put, piercing the skin allows blood vessels around the needle to open up, stimulating blood flow to the tissues in the area. While daith piercings haven’t been formally studied in regard to relieving migraines, countless people who have gotten the piercing have reported little to no migraines after getting their ear pierced.

Acupuncture works to relieve pain since your body releases endorphins after having the needles penetrate the skin. In the same way, your body releases endorphins after getting a piercing. That explains why the daith piercings seem to work for so many people.

However, even though acupuncture might work to alleviate your migraines, you might want to go ahead with the daith piercing if you also enjoy a little bit of ear jewelry. So, the daith piercing serves as a stylish way to relieve migraines.

Symptoms of a Migraine

Symptoms of migraines can vary depending on severity, frequency, and stage of migraine. These are the most common signs of an impending migraine:

  • intense, throbbing headache, usually isolated to one side
  • nausea
  • vomiting
  • trouble speaking
  • light and sound sensitivity
  • numbness and/or tingling
  • fatigue
  • sleep disruptions
  • visual disturbances such as bright lines, flashing dots, or lights
  • temporary loss of vision
  • dizziness
  • pale skin color
  • loss of appetite
  • sweating or having chills

As you can tell from these symptoms, a migraine isn’t just a bad headache. This neurological condition can result in crippling pain that leaves the sufferer bed-bound for days! While migraines can cause all of the above symptoms, the telltale sign of migraine involves an intense, throbbing pain. It can affect the whole head or just one side, and even shift from one side to the other.

It’s rare that a migraine comes on suddenly; most people experience symptoms in the days prior to a migraine. Migraines tend to occur in four phases: prodrome (preheadache phase), aura, headache, and postdrome (migraine aftermath), which can take between 8-72 hours to go through. Around 30% of people will experience symptoms before their headache becomes noticeable.

Four Phases of a Migraine

1.     Prodrome

This first phase can last anywhere from a few hours to several days. You may not even experience it since it doesn’t occur with every migraine. Also known as the preheadache phase, common symptoms include difficulty concentrating, irritability, depression, trouble speaking, sleep disruptions, nausea, fatigue, light and sound sensitivity, food cravings, muscle stiffness, and increased urination.

2.     Aura

The aura stage usually lasts between five and sixty minutes. However, most people don’t experience auras; only 15-20% of people get them. Auras refer to a group of sensory, speech, and motor symptoms that warn of an imminent migraine. While it usually occurs before the headache, it can also happen during and after. Aura symptoms can include:

  • Blind spots in your vision
  • Seeing bright, flashing lines, dots, or lights
  • Numbness or tingling in the skin
  • Slurred speech
  • Ringing in the ears (tinnitus)
  • Temporary loss of vision
  • Seeing wavy lines
  • Changes in smell or taste
  • A “funny” feeling

daith piercing

3.     Headache

A migraine headache can last anywhere from four to 72 hours. However, the term “headache” doesn’t accurately describe the condition since it can cause excruciating pain. Most people report a throbbing, pulsating sensation on one side of the head, but it can spread to the other.

Other symptoms during this phase include sensitivity to light and sound, nausea and vomiting, difficulty speaking, loss of appetite, stomach pain, fatigue, a tender scalp, and pale skin. You may also experience dizziness, blurred vision, sweating, and chills. Diarrhea and fever may also occur, but rarely.

4.     Postdrome

The postdrome or migraine “hangover” stage may last one or two days. Around 80% of migraine sufferers report experiencing this phase, with symptoms including difficulty concentrating or understanding information, depression, fatigue, and euphoria.

Other Ways to Manage Headache Symptoms (Besides a Daith Piercing)

Not everyone wants to get a Daith piercing, especially those with a low pain threshold. Luckily, you don’t have to get your ears pierced to manage headache symptoms effectively. Below, we’ll go over a few ways to keep migraines at bay, or at least make them less painful.

1.     Keep a Migraine Diary

Maintaining a regular migraine journal can help you understand and avoid triggers. Some people find that eating certain foods or being exposed to bright lights can cause a headache. Others are sensitive to loud sounds, weather changes, or highly stressful situations. If you can identify a pattern before a headache occurs, it will help you sidestep the triggers.

2. Eat a Balanced Diet

According to the American Migraine Foundation, certain dietary habits can make headaches more likely. Many migraine sufferers report that skipping meals or going long periods between meals can trigger headaches due to low blood sugar. Also, drinking excess caffeine or sugary drinks like sodas instead of water can worsen symptoms.

Commonly reported food triggers for migraines to include alcohol, caffeine, cured meats, aged cheeses, chocolate, smoked fish, yeast extract, artificial sweeteners, and certain preservatives like nitrates. This is where the migraine journal would be useful, so you can pinpoint which foods contribute to your headaches.

3. Minimize Noise Exposure

A report by the National Institutes of Health found that many migraine patients have sound hypersensitivity; in fact, it affects around 70-80% of patients. Common sound triggers include ambulance and police sirens, and railroad crossing bells. If you live in a busy city, consider purchasing noise-canceling headphones, or soundproofing your home to block out excess sound.

4. Keep Your Stress Low

According to the American Migraine Foundation, many patients also suffer from anxiety and/or depression. These conditions may exacerbate headaches, worsening anxiety symptoms, creating a vicious cycle. However, keeping your stress at a minimum can improve your mental health and reduce headache severity.

Research published by the National Institute of Health says chronic stress may trigger migraines. You can lower stress naturally by practicing relaxation techniques such as meditation, yoga, deep breathing, aromatherapy, or walking in nature.

If you notice, virtually every ailment can be cured by returning to our roots. Exercising, eating well, getting outside, prioritizing sleep, and taking care of ourselves, in general, will improve mental and physical well-being. In this modern world, you can regain your power by reconnecting with nature, the most powerful healer.

piercing

Final Thoughts on the Ear Piercing That Relieves Migraines

Research shows that an ear piercing called a Daith could reduce migraines in some people. It works like acupuncture to relieve headaches, and many people report having fewer migraines after getting the piercing. However, if ear jewelry isn’t your cup of tea, you can alleviate headaches in other ways, such as exercising, eating a balanced diet, reducing stress, and minimizing noise exposure.

Also, make sure to keep a migraine diary to record your triggers, as this can help you avoid them in the future.

The Tragic and Inspiring Story of Keanu Reeves Revealed

The name Keanu Reeves most likely brings to mind the myriad of roles he has played on the big screen, but the real story of his life is both tragic and inspiring. The 51 year old musician and actor’s name is a derivative of his great-great-uncle Keaweaheulu, whose name means “the soft breeze raising” in Hawaiian.

The Tragic and Inspiring Story of Keanu Reeves Revealed

We most often think of Keanu Reeves as Ted in Bill and Ted’s Excellent Adventure, as Johnny Utah in Point Break, or as Neo in the Matrix. Or you may know him best for his ‘Whoa’ expression from Bill and Ted’s Excellent Adventure which has been used as a funny conspiracy-themed meme in social media since 2010.

Keanu was born in Beiruit, Lebanon, the son of Patricia Taylor and Samuel Nowlin Reeves Jr. His mother was born in England and his father is Chinese and Hawaiian. Far too early in his life at age 3, Keanu Reeves’ father left him and his mother to fend for themselves. Although it is tragic, the abandonment by his father might have been best for both of them because his father would later go to prison for selling heroin at a Hawaii airport.

Keanu Reeves’ mother remarried several times and her career as a costume designer as well as her numerous marriages led the broken family to travel extensively. Keanu attended many different schools in Lebanon, Australia, Toronto, and America. But at the age of 17, he had had enough and dropped out to become an actor.

Keanu Reeves tragic adulthood losses

His co-star and friend River Phoenix who played opposite him in My Own Private Idaho in 1991 sadly died of a drug-related heart failure on Halloween 1993 at the far-too-young age of 23.

In fall of 1999, Keanu’s girlfriend Jennifer Syme, tragically had their stillborn daughter, who the couple named Ava Archer Syme-Reeves. A short time later in April 2001, Jennifer Syme was killed instantly in a tragic car accident.

His sister Kim fought leukemia for over a decade. During that time Reeves stayed with her in her home to care for her. He had his own room so that he could be near her during her recovery. Reeves wasn’t trying to be inspiring, that’s just his genuine big-heartedness.

The unknown inspiring story of Keanu Reeves

The true tragedy for the story of Keanu Reeves is that his intellect is far superior to our generalized idea of him. He reads voraciously, can quote Shakespeare from memory, and seems to be genuinely unconcerned about the views of the public and the media.

The man whose most famous line may be ‘Dude’ is an inspiringly un-Hollywood person who resembles the casual self-confidence that we all hope to embody. He prefers to be out of the limelight of the film-promotion merry-go-round and keeps some parts of his life private; his love life and losses, his absent father, his sister Kim’s cancer, River Phoenix’s death, and his feelings about his childhood. But we shouldn’t need to ask. The answer to every one is that he grieves these tragic losses.

Keanu Reeves’ dark ‘demon ride’ side

Keanu loves being active and is a bit of a thrill seeker and an escapist. In his younger days he played hockey and is reported to enjoy ballroom dancing, horseback riding, surfing, and riding on fast motorcycles, of which he owns two English-made Norton Commandos.

In 1988 he took what he calls a ‘demon ride’ on a twisting canyon road with the lights off on his motorcycle and crashed going 50 miles an hour. He had another motorcycle accident in 1996 that left a scar on his leg.

Keanu Reeves’ inspiring generosity

Keanu Reeves’ generosity is sort of a legend. He prefers anonymity when it comes to his inspiring monetary gifts as well as his gifts of spirit. Actor Robert Mailhouse said of Reeves ‘I thought he was eccentric in a sense that he was drinking a real nice bottle of wine out of a coffee mug. Probably it was a hundred-dollar bottle of wine. It was a Montana State Highway Patrol mug.” Mailhouse also said of Reeves that “He’s a really giving person. He’d give you his last shoe. Really smart, too. He’s incredibly booksmart. He’s a really interesting person who doesn’t talk a lot of shit.”

According to celebritynetworth.com: ‘Over the years Keanu has given millions of dollars to charity. Reeves has supported PETA, the SickKids Foundation, Stand Up To Cancer, among others. His sister [Kim] has leukemia, and he has spent more than $5 million dollars to help her in her fight against the disease. Reeves also reportedly has set up a private cancer foundation to help a handful of children’s hospitals and cancer research. Reeves does not attach his name to any his gifts. ‘

The site also credits Reeves generous spirit with sitting for lunch with a homeless man, donating one million dollars of his Matrix salary to each employee of the costume and special effects design teams, giving the entire stunt team on the “Matrix” sequels their own Harley Davidson motorcycles, and giving $20,000 to a set builder he had never met as a Christmas bonus to help him out when he heard about difficulties that the man was having.’

What Does Your Sweat Reveal About Your Health?

Sweat can tell a lot more about your health than just showing that you are properly hydrated (read our article on 10 Signs You’re Dehydrated here). Sweating is a naturally healthy way to rid yourself of toxins, clean the pores of your skin and keep you cool on a hot day.

Sweating is a sign of a healthy body. Also, it is a good sign that you are burning fat in aerobic exercise. Sweating means that you should hydrate. An excessive amount of sweat can mean a fever. Having less sweat can mean dehydration. These are a few sweat-related health facts that most of us know. Here’s one that you might not know.

Babies that cry are experiencing some distress and when that happens, they sweat. By the age of three weeks, water loss from the palms of an infant was as much as that of an adult would experience.

Here’s What Your Sweat Says About Your Health

1. Sweat can reveal the health of many bodily functions

Doctors frequently use the blood levels of electrolytes and other substances to test for healthy levels of body functioning. By using these four biochemical measurements, health professionals can check for kidney function, dehydration, muscle fatigue, management of diabetes and more.

2. Sweat can reveal if you have anxiety

Most people sweat when they are feeling a “fight or flight” response to a fearful stimuli. People who experience chronic anxiety sweat in small amounts in response to perceived threats in their environment.

Researchers studying the perception of choice and reducing anxiety used finger sweat print as a measurement of anxiety levels. The group who was given a choice of taking a test in any order had reduced sweat amounts than those who did not get a choice.

3. Sweat might mean that you’re lying

Lying isn’t necessarily part of your physical health but it could help with understanding more about your psychological health. Lying often produces similar sweat responses as being anxious does, because the brain knows that the words spoken do not match the event as it happened in the mind. The difference between the two creates stress and can cause sweating.

Lie detectors often use skin conductivity to test for the amount of or presence of sweat. On a more personal level, we can learn to sense when we are sweating and identify if we are lying to ourselves about our shortcomings. Believing a lie that we tell ourselves is often the beginning of a mental health problem.

4. Sweat can signal to potential romantic partners how healthy you are

Hormones are naturally secreted in your sweat as pheromones, which can be detected by smell. When you are a healthy male or female, you send out sweat pheromone signals to potential mates. These pheromone signals can tell a man if a woman is fertile or not and they may also send signals of a woman’s receptivity to sex.

You can read more about how pheromones help attract a mate in our article 5 Things That Make a Woman Beautiful (Besides Her Looks). Both men and women who use synthetic sweat pheromones reported an increase in being approached by the opposite sex over those who did not use the pheromones.

5. Sweat can determine hair growth

Again, crime show enthusiasts know that the human hair can be used to show markers for use of drugs because the shaft acts as a timeline of when drugs came into the body. However, a recent study has shown that it is actually sweating that plays a role in how the drugs get into the hair shaft in the first place. When sweat is secreted at the follicle, it is likely incorporated into the hair shaft.

This sweat and hair data that is collected from a patient provides drug use information that can be used in addiction treatment facilities, by law enforcement, or by health professionals who are doing deeper analysis of bodily functions for a patient. This is true for both illegal drugs and prescription pharmaceuticals.

Sweat band detection devices will likely soon be incorporated into personal wearable fitness trackers. According to some, future applications for wearable sweat data devices could “diagnose a heavy metal poisoning. They will warn a person that they’re in a severe enough depressive state to warrant medication and signaling that the body is getting an infection.”

How to Have An Out Of Body Experience

Having an out of body experience can be a bit disconcerting, especially when it seems so real. During an out of body experience, you may feel like you aren’t really where your body is. This sense of displacement makes you question your reality.

It is estimated that 1 in 10 people have had an out of body experience. This event feels like you have left your physical body and are floating or moving about as usual. But you feel removed from your physical self.

Trying to have such an experience can result in some disappointment. If a first you don’t succeed, keep trying. It is important not to discount your experiences as you work to achieve this non-physical state. You may experience images, sounds, voices, smells, colors, sights, or other interactions. Keeping a dream journal by your bed is a good idea so you can record these when you wake up.

What You Need to Know About Having An Out of Body Experience

out of body experience

1. An out of body experience is a type of lucid dreaming

The sensation of being out of your own body has been described as a euphoric awareness that you have the ability to control where your ethereal self is going while your physical self stays behind. The ability to control what happens while you sleep is called lucid dreaming.

Most people who have an out of body experience become aware that it is happening. Once they know it, they can consciously decide to go certain places or transport themselves to see other people.

2. An out of body experience could be related to a brain dysfunction.

According to Swiss researchers who were looking for the causes of out of body experiences, “An out-of-body experience (OBE) may be defined as the experience in which a person seems to be awake and to see his body and the world from a location outside the physical body.”

The researcher believes that these out of body experiences come from brain dysfunctions because they ‘have been described repeatedly in patients suffering from neurological or psychiatric disease – such as epilepsy, migraine, neoplasia and psychiatric diseases such as schizophrenia, depression, anxiety, and dissociative disorders.’

3. You can control having an out of body experience

There are different ways to control having an out-of-body experience but all of them involve sleep paralysis while you are aware in your mind. The easiest method is to remain still after waking up in the morning. Literally, stay as still as possible without moving anything and keeping your eyes closed.

At this point, you can imagine a rope hanging down above you. Imagine yourself reaching for the rope, grasping it, and pulling yourself upward. Continue to climb the rope until you are vertical. Once you are vertical, you can choose to let go of the rope and walk about as usual.

If this method doesn’t work for you to create this experience, you can also set an alarm to wake yourself during the night after at least 4 hours of sleep. Be sure to awaken fully, stay in bed as still as possible and try to go back to sleep. Then either imagine pulling yourself out of your body with the rope again or your hands rising up away from your body and pushing yourself up vertically with your visualized arms without moving your physical body.

If you cannot achieve the out of body experience with either of these methods, you can try a countdown timer to induce the out of body feeling. It will count you down with a relaxing hypnosis designed to plant subconscious thoughts about an out of body experience.

4. Your ‘GPS’ cells may be responsible for having an out of body experience

In an out of body experience, your brain may send signals about your physical location is wrong. It is possible that this event is an illusion. An out of body experience can be induced by scientists in a healthy brain. In one study, researchers mapped “brain areas involved in feelings of body ownership, as well as regions that contain cells known to be involved in spatial orientation.” These “GPS cells are involved in navigating one’s body in space.”

In a study of a patient who had ringing in the ears, a surgical procedure was done to implant an electrode in the auditory or hearing cortex of the brain. As the researchers stimulated the electrode, the patient reported several out of body experiences.

The patient was able to stay conscious during the procedure. While he sensed this event, he reported that he felt the “perception of disembodiment always involved a location about 50 cm behind his body and off to the left.”

10 Space Oddities That Will Change Your Entire Perspective About Life

Space has stirred the curiosity of scientists such as Hawking since the beginning of mankind. Indeed, the Universe is incredible. It’s astounding to consider that the more we learn about space, the more there is to learn. Some scientific discoveries lose that initial spark of intense curiosity as more information is uncovered – the universe’s origin, function, and complexity have not. These space oddities prove why.

Many people have often reflected on the complexity and sheer magnificence of the Universe. Anyone who studied space – formally or informally, inside or outside of the classroom – will state that the breadth of knowledge about space and the passionate inquiry it elicits are unmatched. The human brain is probably the only entity inviting such intense interest.

Fortunately, technological advances have made space more identifiable than at any other time. Telescopes like the Hubble have led to breakthrough discoveries in astrophysics, astronomy, and cosmology. The Hubble Telescope helped determine the universe’s age (13-14 billion years), discover new galaxies, and gave us – for the first time – detailed visual information from billions of years past.

The Hubble telescope is now over 25 years old, and there now exists imaging technology that far exceeds the Hubble’s capabilities. Of course, this development led to many asking: ‘What next?’

The simplest answer: some pretty amazing stuff.

Look up at the stars and not down at your feet. Try to make sense of what you see, and wonder about what makes the universe exist. Be curious. – Stephen Hawking

Some of the knowledge obtained about space was quite unexpected, as one would assume. Then some discoveries flat-out stumped some of the most brilliant scientists, researchers and academics in the world.

Here are 10 facts about space that will change your perspective about life:

10. Triangulum II

Researchers at Caltech, one of the most prominent universities in the country, were enthrallingly astounded concerning the speed with which the stars of our ‘galactic neighbor’ moved.

The main reason is that for such a ‘tiny’ galaxy, Triangulum contains a huge amount of hidden mass. Consider this: our galaxy contains at least 100 billion stars, while the Triangulum has only about 1000. So this discovery left scientists intrigued on what one this galaxy was composed of, as the size of a galaxy is somewhat proportional to its number of stars.

Scientists found the highest concentration of dark matter – lightless, non-observable matter – of any galaxy ever discovered.

9. Tanya The Firstborn

Astronomers employed the combined powers of both the Hubble and Spitzer space telescopes to capture images of the dimmest galaxy ever. ‘Tanya’ is not only the dimmest galaxy ever, it’s one of the earliest (hence, ‘Firstborn’) – forming between approximately 12.6 to 13.4 billion years ago.

Launching in 2018, the James Webb Space Telescope – NASA’s ‘premier observatory of the next decade’ – will allow astronomers to explore some of the earliest galaxies in far more detail.

8. Breast-Feeding Galaxy

Astronomers can tell us a vast amount of information about space. One discovery that has eluded them so far is how galaxies are formed. Currently, there are two predominant hypotheses: (1) hydrogen and various gasses gather with massive clumps of dark matter, or (2) a long filament feeds gas into forming galaxies through a webbed pipeline.

Caltech used their Cosmic Web Imager to spot a baby galaxy ten billion light-years away that was being ‘breast-fed’ a hydrogen mixture via an expansive filament of gas – a filament that is part of a cosmic web of stellar-forming material. This was the first significant discovery of the 2nd hypothesis.

7. A Cryptic Galactic Ring

Using the juxtaposition of seven observable gamma-ray bursts (GRBs), the most violent collisions in space, astronomers discovered a structure so massive it shouldn’t exist.

This unnamed entity is insanely massive: a formation of galaxies over five-billion light-years in width, stretching across an area over 70 times greater than that of a full Moon.

 6. Hercules A

Hercules A is one of the brightest conglomerations in space. At the center of Hercule’s pinkish-red mixture of magnetic fields, subatomic particles and plasma is a black hole that contains a mass comparable to 2.5 billion suns.

The energy that Hercules emits is astonishing: its central black hole discharges energy with one billion times more power than our Sun.

5. The Large Megellanic Cloud

One of Earth’s closest neighbors at a distance of 160,000 light-years, the LMC is visible by the naked eye in the night sky of the Northern Hemisphere. One aspect of the LMC that is puzzling to astronomers is the sheer brightness of its stars. Another is that it siphons off these stars from its smaller companion, the Small Magellanic Cloud, making it the first observable entity to do so.

4. The Super Luminous WISE

The WISE is the brightest galaxy that scientists discovered so far, it emits a light source more powerful than 300 trillion Suns. The images captured from the WISE also provide us with a picture of the universe at 1/10th of its age – supplying us with one of the earliest glimpses of the universes’ complex evolution.

3. The Milky Way’s Birthing White Dwarfs

White dwarfs are one of the densest forms of matter in existence, encompassing the mass of the sun in a structure only slightly larger than Earth. Astronomers discovered 70 dwarfs contained within the Milky Way’s “heart,” which experts estimate to be near twelve billion years old.

Although these dwarfs are now inactive, scientists believe that they could have seeded our own galaxy.

2. The M60-UCD1

This minuscule galaxy is the size equivalent of about two-tenths of one percent (.02%) of the Milky Way. Yet, its enormous black hole is the mass of approximately 21 million Suns. By comparison, the Milky Way’s black hole is a relatively small 4 million Suns.

This discovery completely whitewashed a long-held hypothesis: that a galaxy’s size is proportional to the size of its black hole. This had led scientists to the newfound belief that black holes are much more common in space than originally thought.

1. The 13.2 Billion-Year Old Galaxy

Dubbed the ESG8p7 (what’s with these names?), this is the oldest galaxy visible with our technology. In fact, it’s so ancient that scientists shouldn’t have been able to observe it at all. To the astonishment of astronomers everywhere, the cluster became visible through the Keck Observatory’s MOSFIRE spectrometer. This discovery is currently one of the most noteworthy conundrums that experts are trying to rationalize.

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